By Anneke Kleppe
Software program practitioners are quickly gaining knowledge of the massive price of Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) in fixing difficulties inside sincerely definable challenge domain names. builders are utilising DSLs to enhance productiveness and caliber in quite a lot of components, comparable to finance, wrestle simulation, macro scripting, photograph iteration, and extra. yet in the past, there were few functional assets that specify how DSLs paintings and the way to build them for optimum use. software program Language Engineering fills that desire. Written via professional DSL advisor Anneke Kleppe, this is often the 1st finished advisor to profitable DSL layout. Kleppe systematically introduces and explains each aspect of a good language specification, together with its description of recommendations, how these suggestions are denoted, and what these options suggest when it comes to the matter area. Kleppe rigorously illuminates sturdy layout method, displaying tips to maximize the pliability of the languages you create. She additionally demonstrates strong innovations for developing new DSLs that cooperate good with general-purpose languages and leverage their energy. thoroughly tool-independent, this e-book can function the first source for readers utilizing Microsoft DSL instruments, the Eclipse Modeling Framework, openArchitectureWare, or the other DSL toolset. It comprises a number of examples, an illustrative operating case examine, and insights and heritage details drawn from Kleppe’s modern paintings as a DSL researcher. particular themes coated contain researching the kinds of difficulties that DSLs can remedy, and whilst to take advantage of them evaluating DSLs with general-purpose languages, frameworks, APIs, and different methods figuring out the jobs and instruments on hand to language clients and engineers developing every one section of a DSL specification Modeling either concrete and summary syntax realizing and describing language semantics Defining textual and visible languages in keeping with object-oriented metamodeling and graph differences utilizing metamodels and linked instruments to generate grammars Integrating object-oriented modeling with graph thought development code turbines for brand spanking new languages helping multilanguage versions and courses This ebook presents software program engineers with the entire advice they should create DSLs that remedy genuine difficulties extra quickly, and with higher-quality code.
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Extra info for Software Language Engineering: Creating Domain-Specific Languages Using Metamodels
Sample text
Definition 3-3 (Abstraction Level) The abstraction level of a concept present in a software language is the amount of detail required to either represent (for data) or execute (for processes) this concept in terms of computer hardware. Loosely speaking, abstraction level is the distance between a concept and the computer hardware. The more effort you need to represent the concept in terms of hardware, the more abstract it is. For instance, the concept memory location is very close to the computer hardware and therefore at a very low level of abstraction.
An example rule is A -> xyzB. 4. In regular grammars (type 3), all production rules have either the form A -> wB or A -> Bw, where A and B are nonterminals, and w is a (possibly empty) string of terminals. It has been proven that each type i of languages properly includes all type (i+1) languages. This means, for instance, that any context-free language also falls in the context- sensitive category. BNF grammars, including the preceding example, are contextfree grammars. In graph grammars, each side of a rule consists of a graph: a connected set of elements.
Tool development for domain-specific languages is at least as complex as for generalpurpose languages. When the potential number of users of these tools is small, one has to weigh the advances of using a DSL against the effort of creating that DSL. One might say that for economic reasons, it is a bad thing to have DSLs. On the other hand, there will always be a demand for languages that will be used for a relatively small period of time by a small group of people. For instance, in large, long-running projects, small (scripting) languages are often built to automate specific, recurring tasks in that project.