By Janet Poppendieck
This ebook explains in readable narrative how the recent Deal meals guidance attempt, initially conceived as a aid degree for bad humans, turned a software designed to elevate the earning of business farmers. In a broader feel, the ebook explains how the recent Deal years have been formative for nutrients counsel in next administrations; it additionally examines the performance--or loss of performance--of next in-kind reduction programs.
starting with a quick survey of the heritage of the yank farmer earlier than the melancholy and the impression of the melancholy on farmers, the writer describes the advance of Hoover guidance courses and the occasions on the finish of that management that formed the "historical second" seized through the early New Deal. Poppendieck is going directly to study the nutrients guidance regulations and courses of the Roosevelt years, the actual sequence of occasions that culminated within the choice to buy surplus agriculture items and distribute them to the terrible, the institutionalization of this process, the resutls accomplished, and the curiosity teams shaped. The publication additionally seems to be on the takeover of nutrients suggestions via the U.S. division of Agriculture and its slow variation to be used as a device within the upkeep of farm source of revenue. Utliizing a wide selection of reliable and unofficial resources, the writer unearths with strange readability the evolution from a coverage at once aware of the bad to a coverage serving normally democratic needs.
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Additional resources for Breadlines knee-deep in wheat : food assistance in the Great Depression
Sample text
Lines form every day at the garbage dump from eight in the morning to five in the afternoon," reported the Cicero Herald. "Men and women come there to see if they can't find food to carry back home with them. "35 Garbage dumps were not the only places from which people carried food home; jobs were another source. Not only household employees, but also those who worked for restaurants, hospitals, prisons, and other institutions serving meals supplemented their meager earnings by taking food home.
31 Some cities made no pretense of supplying a reasonable budget. Baltimore gave its needy families an average of eighty cents worth of commodities each week, and Atlanta provided sixty cents per week for white recipients and less for blacks. Dallas excluded both blacks and Mexicans from relief. Some cities ran out of funds; Cincinnati paid each family the weekly grant every other week in hopes that some other means of support might be found during an off week. 32 What did people do in such circumstances?
29 The equalization fee was viewed by critics as an unfair and possibly unconstitutional use of taxing power since its purpose was not to raise revenue but rather to benefit selected groups of producers. The same criticism, proponents answered, might be made of the tariff protecting industrial products, but these tariffs had been deemed neither unwise nor unconstitutional by Congress. 30 The regressive nature of a tax on food received little attention in these discussions, and the fundamental issue of the wisdom of raising agricultural prices as a means of raising farm income was barely discussed.